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How to find (or confirm) your personality type (and why that's so hard)

Ready to better understand yourself and begin to move past your challenges in life?

Figuring out your Jung-Myers (16 types) personality type is a great start, but getting it right can be hard.

I'd like to help.

On this page, I'll cover the following:

  • What to do if you're having trouble figuring out your type;
  • Why properly typing people is so hard;
  • What can get in the way of getting someone's type right (or your own);
  • How neurodivergence and trauma might factor into type;
  • How you can practically put this knowledge to use once you've figured out your type;
  • Information about my type-centered transformational coaching & existential counseling practice.

First, I suggest you take my free cognitive function personality test.


Still unsure of your type after that?

My website attracts a lot of NTP's (as an ENTP, I specialize in those types), so if you feel torn between whether you're an INTP or ENTP, I have a page just for you that compares those two types in detail.

Beyond that, here are some tips for narrowing down your type:

  • Learn about the cognitive functions. You have a window into your complex self that's clearer than any test can offer you. I encourage you to carefully read through the informational pages at the beginning of my test to better understand how the 16-types system works. (Be sure to click the little '+' boxes for additional details along the way.) Then, on the final results page, pay careful attention to the list of cognitive functions in each type.
  • Everyone changes over time. I don't believe that a person's type can change, but it can seem that way when your self-awareness improves and you shed layers of personality that have been imposed on you by the outside world. So, as you consider your type, pay attention to the version of "you" that it feels like you're growing into. Who are you becoming? (That said, it can also be helpful to think about how you were as a child too before the world taught you how you're "supposed" to be.)
  • Remember that the extraversion/introversion dichotomy is less about how gregarious you are and more about how you gain or lose energy. Even introverts love partying sometimes, and even extraverts love staying home alone sometimes. But, look instead for patterns. If you're feeling low and you go hang out with (interesting) people, does that tend to revitalize you or drain you even further? Try to think less about the most extreme cases (or the exceptions) and more about what's most common for you.
  • Get outside opinions. If you've narrowed it down to several types, ask other people in your life to read the description of each one and weigh in on which seems most like you. This can help you avoid blind spots and connect the dots between the information you get from multiple sources.
  • Remember that no type is better or worse than another. Notice if you find yourself really wanting to be a certain type or really not wanting to be another. Could that be clouding your judgment? If you've come to believe that a certain type is especially good or bad, notice where you've been getting your information. There are a lot of stereotypes out there, so be careful which websites and people you trust. Be especially discerning when it comes to social media and memes. Typology is a complex subject, and most people out there are not experts. It took me many years of study before I felt comfortable advising people.

Why is properly typing people so hard?

Finding your true type can be very difficult.

And typing other people can be even harder since two different types might exhibit the same outward behavior but for very different internal reasons.

Some amateur typologists claim to be able to determine a person's type very quickly, but I'm always highly doubtful.

I've been working with the 16 types for a decade, and it still typically takes me well over an hour to confidently type someone. (And even then, I like to work with them over several sessions to be sure.)

So, if you're struggling to figure out what type you are, that's perfectly normal.

Here are some things that can get in the way:

  • Cultural influence: Depending on where you grew up, certain attributes were emphasized and celebrated all around you. For example, people in a more collectivist culture might answer questions in a way that makes them appear more like a Feeler than a Thinker—simply because that's what they've been raised to think a "good person" looks like. Gender stereotypes and expectations can also factor in heavily here.
  • Learned behaviors vs. innate preferences: Similarly, we all develop skills, coping mechanisms, and masking techniques to adapt to our environments and try to be perceived as competent, likable, or desirable. For example, if you've been working in a sales position, you might have had to condition yourself to develop more extraverted behaviors to succeed at work.
  • Desired self-image: You might unconsciously answer the questions in a way that aligns more with how you want to be perceived rather than how you actually are. For example, your answers might skew toward Te (extraverted thinking) because you wish you were more decisive, or you see decisive people as highly respectable, or you've worked really hard on developing decisiveness to overcome your natural deficiency there.
  • Age: When you're younger, it's natural to still be trying on different identities to see where you best fit in. For example, especially if you're not fully clear yet on your values and preferences, you might shy away from affirmatively answering Fi (introverted feeling) questions. Personally, it took me several years of investigating the 16 types (and myself) to realize my true type.
  • Depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues: These can have a huge variety of impacts on self-perception. For example, for years I thought I was an Introvert instead of an Extravert because I was depressed and socially anxious. Then, as I did a lot of personal growth work and found a community of people where I belonged, I realized I'm clearly an Extravert.
  • Trauma: This again can have a huge range of impacts. For example, the trauma response of hypervigilance could make you gravitate toward answering questions in an Se way (extraverted sensing), and trauma-related dissociation could manifest as Ti (introverted thinking) or Ni (introverted intuition) type responses.
  • Neurodivergence: This too could manifest in all sorts of ways. For example, two common things experienced by many autistic people are wanting to be in their heads instead of their bodies (which could look like Introversion) and being out of touch with their feelings (which could look like Thinking).

As you can see from that list, figuring out your type on your own can be tricky business, so it can be quite beneficial to work with an expert like me.

How might neurodivergence factor into type?

First of all, I'm not at all an expert on trauma or neurodivergence, nor am I qualified to diagnose mental illness.

That said, as a professional coach and counselor with expertise in type, I've worked with a lot of clients who have ADHD, identify as neurodivergent, or have histories of trauma.

Increasingly, I've been receiving questions like this one: "Many of the traits that describe NTPs are also common symptoms of ADHD. So which is it: Is someone an NTP, or are they a different type who has ADHD?"

Again, not an expert, and this is a delicate subject. But, I'll offer a few answers to this type of question:

  • We don't know for sure. Neurodivergence has been a quickly evolving field of study, revealing all sorts of complexities in how minds work. There's been very little formal research on potential correlations between neurodivergence, trauma, and personality type.
  • Some research has shown a correlation between ADHD and 'P' types (especially NP's). There might also be a link between IxTP's and autism, and between 'J' types (especially SJ's) and OCD. However, none of these are hugely strong correlations, so please take all that with a grain of salt.
  • Anecdotally, in my coaching practice, I've seen what appears to be a correlation between NTP's and ADHD. But, it's also important to keep in mind that seeking an official diagnosis for ADHD can unfortunately be difficult and expensive. So, many of my clients are self-diagnosed, which might not always be accurate. As we work together, I try to better understand what's really going on. In any case, though, the strategies I offer my clients can often work either way: whether they have ADHD or they're just an NTP facing ADHD-like challenges.
  • The line between personality type and mental disorder (or neurotype) is often a matter of symptom severity. For example, everyone feels down sometimes, but there's a difference between that and major depressive disorder. Similarly, while most NTP's do struggle with getting things done, someone with extreme ADHD might face a much more severe degree of difficulty than the average NTP without ADHD. Ultimately, while personality traits represent preferences and tendencies, mental disorders or some types of neurodivergence can indicate more substantial challenges in daily functioning.
  • ADHD is a modern (imperfect) term from the medical model of psychotherapy, which is a paradigm saying that mental health conditions are disorders that have underlying biological or neurological causes. That's just one perspective though. Another is to see this as a variation in neurological functioning that is not a disorder but just a different way of experiencing reality.
  • Since 'S' types are dominant in the world, one way to look at all this is that pretty much all N's are "neurodivergent" in the sense of having different cognitive styles from what's most typical (which is why 'N' types often feel a bit alien). But, this doesn't make us N's inferior in any way. We just have a different way of taking in and processing information (which can often be quite valuable).
  • Everyone is unique, and it's important to see humans as complex beings with many parts, one of which is type, and one of which is neurotype. There are many other parts too, such as life experiences, family of origin, and so on. All of those represent a complex interplay that makes us who we are.

What about trauma?

In some ways, this is even trickier.

Trauma responses can often look similar to type traits. This can make it hard to know if that behavior is a personality tendency or a coping mechanism.

This is a highly complex, nuanced issue that I believe the type community needs to be more aware of.

But, it's also incredibly difficult because understanding how trauma has shaped us can often require years of therapy (and even then, it can be difficult to tease apart the root cause of behaviors).

For example:

  • What looks like 'Ti' behavior could be a genuine preference for logic... or a defense mechanism for avoiding emotional pain.
  • What looks like 'Fe' could be genuine empathetic harmony-seeking... or a fawning defense mechanism for appeasing threats and avoiding further abuse.
  • What looks like 'Ne' could be a genuine preference for exploring patterns in the mind... or a dissociation defense mechanism for escaping overwhelming sensations or discomfort in the body.

So, there's no easy answer here.

That said, when trying to determine your personality type (or answering the questions on my test), you might consider any trauma responses or coping strategies you know you have.

For example:

  • Are you naturally curious about the environment around you, or is it fear-based hypervigilance? (If the latter, you might consider more neutral responses to some of the questions related to the 'Se' cognitive function.)
  • Do you genuinely wish for group harmony, or are you trying to avoid a scary feeling of rejection? (If the latter, you might consider more neutral responses to some of the questions related to the 'Fe' cognitive function.)
  • Do you truly enjoy solitude, or is it a strategy to reduce strong anxiety? (If the latter, you might consider more neutral responses to some of the questions related to the 'I' preference.)

Try to differentiate between behaviors that you do to feel safe (such as people-pleasing) versus ones that represent your actual preferences and values. (I know: This is much easier said than done!)

When answering a question, try to notice if your motivation is derived from fear/anxiety or from how you authentically want to move through the world (not a fantasy version of yourself, but "you" if you were just a little less driven by a fear response).

You might try to imagine how you behave and feel in safer, more neutral environments where you're not under stress or threat.

I know that all this makes finding your type feel more confusing. Sorry 🙂 But I also want to be real with you: The fields of neuroscience and psychology are much more complex today than when Jung, Myers, and Briggs developed the 16 types.

Finding your true type can be hard work, but I still believe it's worth it.


    Ok, say you've taken my test and figured out your type. Now what?

    Just knowing your type is nice. But working with me one-on-one is a great way to actually do something with that knowledge.

    I used to offer one-time "personality profiling sessions," but I realized after a while that I didn't like it.

    Yes, I can make a good guess about your type after a single profiling session together. But it felt hollow to just tell someone their type and leave them to do the truly hard work on their own of dealing with that type's weaknesses and barriers.

    As a coach, I've made it my mission to support people in defining and living their life purposes, and simply telling someone their type and sending them off on their way didn't feel like I was doing that.

    Here's why I believe an ongoing relationship is important:

    First, we all have a ton of baggage around our sense of self.

    This includes standards around race and gender, how our parents told us we "had" to be, what we saw in movies, what we were told a "good person" looks like, etc.

    So, we often unconsciously cover up our true selves with many layers of protection.

    The best way for me to uncover someone's core self (and true personality type) is to work with them regularly as a coach/counselor and help them peel away some of those layers.

    If you have a lot of armor up, even the very best personality profiler won't be able to accurately figure out your type in a single profiling session.

    Second, knowing your type is nice; but, far more important is what you do with that information.

    A lot of people will take a test to learn their personality type but then continue going through life exactly as they always have.

    What was the point?

    If you choose to explore coaching instead, I can help you uncover your blind spots and figure out what's holding you back from the life you want.

    For example, in my case, I thought I was an INTP for many years, and it was huge to realize I was actually an ENTP.

    Learning that truth helped me understand that I hadn't just been avoiding social events because my mind is naturally introverted (i.e., something outside my control).

    Rather, I'd been doing so because of other things that are very much changeable: social anxiety, overly-harsh judgment of other people (especially feelers or people I labeled "shallow"), and neglect of a core part of myself (since I'd so heavily prioritized my analytical mind over my emotional awareness).

    Knowing my real type allowed me to take specific action to turn all that around.

    By getting to know how your specific mind works, you'll better understand what you need to be happy, what motivates you, what makes you lose energy, how you can best make decisions, and more.

    Sound interesting? Scroll down to get your questions answered and apply for a free sample session with me.

    (Or, if you really just want a one-off personality typing session, I highly recommend Personality Hacker's service.)

    P.S. Here's my free guided series on the #1 skill I recommend all types learn to make the most of your life—especially Thinkers. And, here's my "manifesto" on why I believe everyone should aim to become what I call a Full-Stack Human.

    If you've already taken my free personality test and you still feel unsure about your type, a profiling session would be a good next step.

    This is a 90-minute session focused purely on determining your Myers-Briggs type. These are on Zoom and cost $197 USD. I'll ask you a series of questions and help you figure out which type best fits you. You'll be able to ask any questions you have, and you'll leave with some advice on how your type best makes decisions and feels energized.

    Schedule a typing session ($197 USD)

    FAQ

    How can I work with you?

    Thanks for your interest in coaching with me. Below you'll find information on several types of offerings: one-on-one coaching, group coaching & workshops, and my blog.

    Want to get a sense of what I sound like to talk with? Here are a few of my YouTube videos I like: (a) purposefully discarding thoughts, (b) processing big emotions, and (c) cultivating fragile feelings,

    One-on-One Coaching

    I've put a lot of thought into the most logical, fair, and ethical way to price my services.

    Conversations about money tend to bring out a lot of feelings (on both sides), and I want to approach that complexity with the nuance and care it deserves.

    So, this will require just a little more work to understand than "pay me $X."

    If you're curious, I wrote a whole philosophical article where I break down in detail how I arrived at this set of policies. (All this has evolved a bit too since I wrote that post back in early 2021.)

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    My pricing philosophy & policies

    I intentionally aim to serve a variety of people in my practice—including groups who have historically had less access to coaching due to systemic oppression (e.g., 43% of my clients are people of color).

    At the same time, this is my primary source of income, and I need to be able to run a sustainable business.

    So, here's the model I've arrived at:

    • Sliding-scale (variable pricing):

      I offer the same service at multiple price points based on need (honor system, no proof required). But paying the highest price you can afford allows me to offer much lower-priced coaching to people who couldn't otherwise afford it.

    • Pay for sessions in bundles of three:

      This simplifies the bureaucracy and makes our relationship feel less transactional. If paying for three sessions at once feels challenging for you, let's talk about it.

    • First session is free:

      Let's make sure we're the right fit for each other. So much of coaching comes down to trust, chemistry, and connection. Each coach has a different style, so I want to make sure you feel comfortable with mine.

    • Commit to at least two sessions per month:

      Roughly half my clients see me weekly, and half every other week. I sometimes make exceptions to see people less frequently, but that slows our progress and makes it harder for me to stay up-to-date with your life.

    • Most importantly, let’s be real with each other:

      I’m not a big faceless corporation charging one fixed price for a product. And you’re a complex human with a lot of different types of expenses in your life. Let’s have a real authentic conversation about what you can afford that’s fair to both of us. Let's come at this as a team trying to solve a challenge together.

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    My Sliding Scale

    Please do your own research if you'd like a comparison for coaching rates.

    But I can tell you that $200-500 USD per session is a common price charged by my peers with similar experience and credentials.

    Below are my rates for a 50-minute session (again, this is the same service being offered at each price tier).

    Here's what else you'll get by working with me:

    • I'll start off by sending you a detailed questionnaire to help us get to know each other—and, more importantly, to help you get crystal clear on your goals for coaching.
    • I'll customize my coaching style based on your personality type (I'm very familiar with several powerful typing systems).
    • This isn't one-size-fits-all advice. We'll co-create a unique personal growth trajectory just for you. I'll bring in techniques from Co-Active coaching, Hakomi counseling, and much more—whatever is most appropriate for your specific challenges.
    • You'll be the first to hear about my new projects, tools, Mastermind groups, and other offerings.
    • You'll also get access to me via email between sessions (for example, if you'd like me to review your resume or answer a time-sensitive question). And, as we work together, I might share worksheets, articles, or podcasts that make me think of you.

    Which one best describes your situation?

    Standard Rate A
    • You earn over $170K USD/year
    • Or, you can buy most things without needing to save up
    • Or, your company will be paying for this
    • Bonus: By paying this rate, you allow me to offer lower-priced coaching to someone with a marginalized identity (thank you!)

    $259 USD

    Standard Rate B
    • You earn over $120K USD/year (before tax, including bonuses)
    • Or, you regularly spend $200+ USD on non-necessities without needing to save up

    $189 USD

    Reduced Rate
    • You earn under $120K USD/year (before tax, including bonuses)

    $139 USD
    (limited spots)

    Special Rate
    • You earn under $50K USD/year (before tax, including bonuses) and have very little disposable income (after paying for basic necessities)
    • And, you identify as part of a historically marginalized group such as LGBTQIA+ or BIPOC (or you face other systemic discrimination)

    $67 USD
    (waitlist only)

    (I'm a big fan of crypto, so I'm open to receiving payment in ETH or BTC—or potentially other cryptocurrencies—as well. Let me know if you're interested and we can talk about how to set that up.)

    Group Coaching, Masterminds, Workshops,


    I don't currently have any group coaching programs runnning. But please sign up below to be the first to hear about my new programs, writing, and free tools & frameworks.

    You can also follow me on my new YouTube channel, which is where I've been putting more of my energy lately.

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    If paid coaching doesn't fit into your current financial situation, you can check out my free tools and blog posts.